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REGIONAL CUISINE

Punjab

Hearty breakfasts, tandoor breads and deeply cooked meat and vegetable dishes.

A Punjabi thali with daal, sabzi, chapati and salad
Photo: Sarahbatra, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Punjab is the agricultural heartland of Pakistan, and its food is built on what its plains grow best: wheat, sugarcane, mustard, rice and milk. Bread is eaten at almost every meal, from everyday roti and paratha to naan from the neighbourhood tandoor, and dairy appears everywhere as ghee, yoghurt, lassi and white butter.

Cooking here tends towards rich, slow-cooked dishes in winter, such as saag with makki di roti, nihari and paye, and quick, high-heat karahis and grills all year round. Lahore, the provincial capital, is often called the food capital of Pakistan, and many dishes that are now eaten nationwide, from halwa puri to chicken tikka, are most closely associated with its kitchens and streets.

Signature dishes

Regional ingredients

Wheat, Mustard greens (sarson), Dairy — ghee, lassi and paneer. Punjab's agricultural land makes wheat and dairy the backbone of its cooking; ghee, lassi and paneer appear across both everyday meals and festive dishes more than in Pakistan's other regions.

Traditions

Shared tandoor bread, Sunday nihari and paye culture, Elaborate wedding feasts. Punjab is Pakistan’s most populous province, and much of what is thought of abroad as Pakistani food — tandoor breads, karahi, saag, lassi, halwa puri — is Punjabi. Lahore in particular has a reputation as the country’s food capital, with food streets that stay busy late into the night.

Recipes from Punjab

A bowl of beef nihari garnished with ginger, served with naan

Beef

Beef Nihari

A slow-simmered breakfast stew of bone-in shank and toasted spices, thickened with wheat flour and finished with ginger and lemon.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

4 hr 55 min
Chicken pulao on a serving platter

Rice

Chicken Pulao

Rice cooked directly in chicken stock with whole spices — a gentler, even-handed alternative to biryani, without the layering.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

1 hr 20 min
Aloo gosht, mutton and potato curry, in a bowl

Mutton

Aloo Gosht

The household mutton curry: meat browned first, then simmered long and slow with potatoes added only once the meat has begun to soften.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

3 hr 5 min
Seekh kebabs on skewers over a charcoal grill

Beef

Seekh Kebab

Minced beef or mutton shaped onto skewers, seasoned and grilled or pan-seared until charred outside and juicy inside.

Street food

By Ayesha Iftikhar

1 hr 10 min
Close-up of a flaky layered paratha

Bread

Paratha

A layered wholewheat flatbread, rolled and folded with ghee until flaky — an everyday breakfast that needs no tandoor.

Street food

By Ayesha Iftikhar

1 hr 15 min
Charred chicken tikka with onion, lemon and green chutney

Chicken

Chicken Tikka

Boneless chicken thigh marinated in spiced yoghurt and lemon, then charred on skewers over the highest heat you have.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

4 hr 35 min
Two samosas on a leaf

Vegetarian

Vegetable Samosa

A firm, flaky pastry made with plenty of fat, wrapped around a spiced potato and pea filling and fried slowly until crisp.

Street food

By Ayesha Iftikhar

2 hr
A bowl of crisp vegetable pakoras

Vegetarian

Spinach Pakora

Chopped spinach and onion in a thick, spiced gram-flour batter, fried in spoonfuls until crisp and eaten straight away.

Street food

By Ayesha Iftikhar

35 min
Puri being fried for halwa puri in the Walled City of Lahore

Vegetarian

Halwa Puri

The classic weekend breakfast: puffed fried puri with a spicy chickpea curry and sweet semolina halwa.

Street food

By Ayesha Iftikhar

1 hr 20 min
A stack of makki di roti with butter, served with saag

Vegetarian

Sarson Ka Saag

Punjabi winter greens: mustard leaves and spinach simmered soft, thickened with maize flour and finished with a garlic tarka and butter.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

1 hr 10 min
Palak paneer served with rice

Vegetarian

Palak Paneer

Cubes of paneer in a smooth, mildly spiced spinach gravy, finished with fresh ginger and a little butter.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

40 min
A meat karahi garnished with coriander, from a Lahore tikka house

Mutton

Mutton Karahi

Bone-in mutton cooked down with tomatoes, ginger, garlic and green chillies in a wide karahi until the masala clings to the meat.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

1 hr 55 min
Naan fresh from the tandoor

Bread

Tandoori Naan

Soft, yeasted naan cooked under a very hot grill or in a heavy pan until puffed and blistered — the closest a home kitchen gets to a tandoor.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

2 hr
Glasses of sweet lassi

Drinks

Sweet Lassi

Chilled full-fat yoghurt whisked with sugar and ice into a thick, frothy drink, the way it is served in Punjab.

By Ayesha Iftikhar

5 min